代码片段
计算 菲波那切

    function fib(n::Int64=10)
    #1->40: 69s
        @assert n >= 0
        if n==0 || n==1
            return n==0 ? 0 : 1
        else
            return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)
        end
    end

    function fib2(N::Int)
    # 1->40: 0.31s
        @assert N >= 0
        fib_list=[0,1]
        if N==0 || N==1
            return N==0 ? 0 : 1
        else
            for i=2:N
                push!(fib_list,(fib_list[i]+fib_list[i-1]) )
            end
        end
        return fib_list[end]
    end

function test()
    for i=1:40
        println("fib($i)的结果为 ： ",fib2(i) )
    end
end
test()

摇奖

    好像不太随机，试了几次，一直没抽到“阿呆”

function 开奖()
    奖级别=[1,1,2,6]  #一等奖一个...
    选手名字=Set(["卡卡西","鸣人","佐助","小樱","志乃","新之助","风间彻","妮妮","正男","阿呆"])
    中奖名单=Dict()  #可以保存名单到文件

    println("奖品类型",length(奖级别),"选手数量",length(选手名字))
    @assert sum(奖级别)==length(选手名字)  "奖品数量和人的数量不匹配!"
    N=1
    for 奖品数量 in 奖级别
        for i = 1:奖品数量
            获奖者=rand(选手名字)
            中奖名单[获奖者]=N
            pop!(选手名字,获奖者)
        end
        N+=1
    end
    sort!(中奖名单,by   x => values(x) )
    for 人 in keys(中奖名单)
        println("中奖人:$人  --- : $(中奖名单[人]) 等奖")
    end
end
开奖()

给markdown文件添加目录索引

function startwith(head,line)
    #println(line[1],head,line[1]==head)
    if line[1] == head  #第一个字符相同
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

function sub_head(head_list,need2sub='#')
#使用数字替换掉所有的#
    count=1
    for line in head_list
        line=replace(line, need2sub => "~" )
        head_list[count]=line
        count+=1
    end
end

function 包装(head_list)
    local mark_count=1
    for line in head_list
        head_list[mark_count]="<a href=\"#chapter-$mark_count\">" * line  *  "</a>  \n"
        mark_count+=1
    end

    pushfirst!(head_list,"\n ---  \n ")
    pushfirst!(head_list,"目录：  ")
    push!(head_list,"\n ---    \n")
end

function add_index2markdown()
#给markdown文件按照头（#）添加目录索引
    Markdown_file="/home/asen/文档/war.md"
    mark_count=1  #标记#头的出现次数
    head_list=[]  #存储头内容
    new_str=""

    open(Markdown_file,"r+") do io
        for line in eachline(io)
            if length(line) < 2  #避免空行导致的bounderror
                continue
            end
            if startwith('#',line)
                push!(head_list,line)
                substr="<a id=\"chapter-$mark_count\"></a>    \n" 
                new_str *= substr  *   line * '\n'
                mark_count+=1
            else
                new_str *= line  * '\n'
            end
        end
        sub_head(head_list)
        包装(head_list)
    end
    open(Markdown_file,"w") do io
        for line in reverse(head_list)
            #println(line)
            new_str=line * new_str
        end
        #print(new_str)
        write(io,new_str)
    end
    println("markdown 文件添加目录（页内索引）完成。")
end
add_index2markdown()

# 第二版 : 只提取二级标题

function 包装(head_list,need2sub="##")
    local mark_count=1
    for line in head_list
		line=replace(line, need2sub => "~ $mark_count ~" )
        head_list[mark_count]="<a href=\"#章-$mark_count\">" * line  *  "</a>\n\n"
        mark_count+=1
    end
    pushfirst!(head_list,"\n ---  \n ")
    pushfirst!(head_list,"**目录**：  ")
    push!(head_list,"\n ---    \n")
end
function add_index2markdown()
	#给markdown文件按照头（##）添加目录索引
    Markdown_file="银行法西斯.md"
    mark_count=1  #标记#头的出现次数
    head_list=[]  #存储头内容
    new_str=""

    for line in eachline(Markdown_file)
        if startswith(line,"##") && (line[3]!='#')
            push!(head_list,line)
            substr="<a id=\"章-$mark_count\"></a>\n" 
            new_str *= '\n'*line*substr
            mark_count+=1
        else
			new_str *= line  * "\n"
        end
    end
    包装(head_list)
    
    open("tmp.md","w") do io
		str=""
		[str=str*line for line in head_list]
        new_str=str * new_str
        write(io,new_str)
    end
    println("markdown 文件添加目录（页内索引）完成。")
end
add_index2markdown()




熵值计算：Julia版

#============================================
            计算熵（Julia version）232s
============================================#
using PyPlot
function compute_entropy()
    dir_name="/path/corpus.txt"
    word_freq_table=Dict{Char,UInt64}()   #时间缩短为57s
    Global_entropy,all_num=0,0

    @info "读取文件。。。"
    open(dir_name,"r") do F
        for line in eachline(F)   #去掉断行检查时间缩短为47s
            for word in line
                if word in keys(word_freq_table)
                    word_freq_table[word]+=1
                else
                    word_freq_table[word]=1
                end
            end
        end
    end
    word_num=length(word_freq_table)
    @show "词频表的长度为$word_num"
    all_num=sum(values(word_freq_table))  #sum 与for 性能相近

    println("all_num=$all_num 计算熵。。。")
    P =freq::UInt64 -> freq/all_num
    entropy= prob::Float64 -> -prob*log2(prob)
#=
    open("entropy_tmp.txt","w") do io
        for (k,v) in sort(collect(word_freq_table),by=x->x[2])
            val1=P(v)
            val2=entropy(val1)
            write(io,"$k \t freq  $v  \t 概率：$(val1)  \t 熵：$(val2)  \n")
            Global_entropy+=val2
        end
    end
=#
    @info Global_entropy
#=
    Global_entropy=sum(
    [entropy(P(i)) for i in values(word_freq_table)]) 
     #表达方式更紧凑，没有性能提升
    println("the entropy is : ",Global_entropy)

    @info ("start plot ...")
    tmp=[P(i) for i in values(word_freq_table)]
    plot(tmp)
    show()
=#
end
#@time compute_entropy()

去掉字符串中的标点的四种方法

import Base.Unicode.ispunct

function del_punct(line)
    #去掉标点符号的四种方法
    tmp=""
    for word in line
        #ispunct(word) || (tmp=tmp*word) 
        #ispunct(word) ? true : tmp=tmp*word
        #if !ispunct(word) tmp=tmp*word  end
        !ispunct(word) && (tmp=tmp*word)
    end
    return tmp
end

asd="asdfhg34,./,g56uuj678i78ol./p;oyjdthhs.;/lyjfgh"
println(del_punct(asd))

通过存储链接名的文件下载内容

import Base.Iterators.Stateful
import Base.Filesystem.filesize
import Base.Filesystem.walkdir
import Base.Filesystem.rm


function get_PathName_from_dir(dir_name)
    #目录名->iter(file_name)
    #walkdir :是深度优先搜索
    filename_list=[]
    function get_filename(dir_one)
        for (root,dirs,files) in walkdir(dir_one)
            for file in files
                push!(filename_list,(root*'/'*file) )
            end
        end
    end
    get_filename(dir_name)
    return Stateful(filename_list)
end


function get_url_from_file(filename)
    #从存储链接的文件中获取：主题名-url
    NameUrl=Dict()
    for line in eachline(filename)
        name,url,other=split(line,['!','?'])
        NameUrl[name]=url
    end
    return Stateful(collect(NameUrl) )
end

function get_context_from_net2()
    dir_name="tmp/"
    for file_name in get_PathName_from_dir("Baidu")
        for (name,url) in get_url_from_file(file_name)
            try
                download(url,dir_name*name*".html")
            catch 
                continue
            end
        end
        break
    end  
    println("文件下载完成")
end

function get_context_from_net()
    proxy=`-x 182.106.140.122:80` #curl 使用代理 -x ip：port
    retry=`--retry 7  --retry-delay 10  --retry-max-time 10 ` #重试次数，间隔
    #直接通过url无法下载，why？
    #command=`wget https://www.baidu.com -O filename`
    #暂时使用名字代替
    #curl: (56) Received HTTP code 502
    #速度太慢，先下5万
    for file_name in get_PathName_from_dir("Baidu")
        for (name,url) in get_url_from_file(file_name)
            command=`curl $(proxy) $(retry) https://baike.baidu.com/item/$(name) -o htmlfile/$(name).html`
            try
                run(command)
            catch 
                continue
            end
        end
    end  
    println("文件下载完成")
end

function rm_null_file()
    #去掉空文件
    dir_name="htmlfile/"
    count::Int64=0
    for file_name in readdir(dir_name)  #默认是本目录
        if filesize(dir_name*file_name) < 10
            rm(dir_name*file_name)
            count+=1
        end
    end
    @info "空文件的数量为： $count ;\n "
end

function main()
    get_context_from_net()
    rm_null_file()
end

main()
#
#   测试函数
#
function test_get_PathName_from_dir(dir_name)
    iter=get_PathName_from_dir(dir_name)
    for file in iter
        println(file)       
    end
end

function test_get_url_from_file()
    iter=get_url_from_file("Baidu/地理/阿根廷.txt")
    count=0
    for (N,U) in iter
        count+=1
        println("名字：$N  \t 链接：$U")
        if count>10 break end
    end
end

function test()
    test_get_PathName_from_dir()
    test_get_url_from_file()
end
#test()

提取本地目录中html文件的链接

function get_context_from_html!(file_name,url_list,Pattern,class=1)
  #change url_list
  #class:1=>url  ; 2=>picture ;3=>text
    tmp=""
    for line in eachline(file_name)
        if occursin(Pattern,line)
            m=match(Pattern,line)
          #掐头去尾-> 纯url
            tmp=m.match
            if class==1 && length(tmp)>10
                try
                    #push!(url_list,tmp[7:end-1])
                    #StringIndexError :变长编码索引困难
                    push!(url_list,tmp[7:prevind(tmp,lastindex(tmp))])
                catch e
                    println(tmp,length(tmp))
                    throw(e)
                end
            end
            #println(m.match) #查看匹配的内容
        end
    end
    return url_list
end
#==================================
    将本地目录中的html网页中的链接提取出来
        html文件目录  ->  superlink文件
===============================#
function deal_html(dir_name="htmlfile/")
  #正则表达式模式定义
    #Pattern=r"^<a .*</a>$"  #匹配<a></a>
    Pattern=r"href=\"https?.+?\""  #匹配  href=“https：”
  #结构，变量定义
    class=1  #class:1=>url  ; 2=>picture ;3=>text
    result_file="superlink.txt"
    fileName_iter=get_PathName_from_dir(dir_name)
    url_list=Array{String,1}()
  @info "逐个文件处理..."
    for fileName in fileName_iter
        println(fileName)
        get_context_from_html!(fileName,url_list,Pattern,class)
      #break
    end
  #for url in url_list println(url) end
  @info "结果存入文件"
    open(result_file,"w") do io
        for node in Set(url_list)
            write(io,node*'\n')
        end
    end
    @info "deal_html runing is end!"
end
deal_html()